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医学教育网——临床执业医师考试辅导系列谈之《内科学》辅导：再探高血压脑病
问题：男性，45岁。经常头痛，头晕近10年，2天来头痛加重，伴有恶心呕吐送往急诊。检查神志模糊，血压230／120mmHg，尿蛋白（++），尿糖（+）。诊断高血压脑病已成立，其发病机制是：
A.心房利钠因子减少
B.肾素活性增高
C.交感神经过度兴奋
D.周围小动脉痉挛
E.脑血管自身调节障碍
请解释？
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MRI - Hypertensive encephalopathy: This 22-year-old pregnant woman presented with a three-day history of blurred vision, dysarthria and headache. The admitting vital signs were significant for a blood pressure of 220/120 mm Hg. Her examination revealed impaired visual acuity, retinal hemorrhages and hyperreflexia. Laboratory data revealed proteinuria. This FLAIR-weighted axial MR image shows confluent high signal primarily within the occipital and posterior parietal lobe white matter. There are also similar high signal lesions within the anterior watershed distribution.
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相关名词
高血压脑病：hypertensive encephalopathy
颅内压：intracranial pressure，ICP
颅内压增高：inrtacranial hypertension
高血压：hypertension
原发性高血压（高血压病）：essential hypertension
继发性高血压：secondary hypertension
高血压危象：hypertensive crisis
高血压急症：hypertensive emergencies
高血压亚急症：hypertensive urgencies
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